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GlossaryStructures

What is venture capital?

Venture capital is investment in young companies that could grow very fast, in return for a share of their equity, usually a minority stake, made through funds that back many startups expecting only a few to succeed.

In practice

Startups raise venture money in rounds, from seed through Series A, B and later, each at a new valuation. Investors often take a board seat and give advice as well as cash, and a fund usually runs about ten to twelve years, sometimes extended. Gains come when a company is bought or lists on a stock market, which can take many years, and many startups fail and return little or nothing.

An example

Round numbers, not a real fund

Say a venture fund puts $2 million into a startup for 20% of it. If no later round shrinks that stake and the company is bought for $100 million, the fund’s 20% is worth $20 million, ten times what it paid. Simple example. Terms vary by fund.

Why it matters

Most venture returns come from a handful of very large winners, so a venture fund’s results usually depend on whether it backs one of those companies.

In the news

Recent stories that use the term

A definition, not advice; where usage varies the entry says so.

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